Categories of Evidence and Islamic law

Some specific laws and rules are cultivated by Islam in order to grow and develop society. There are many laws are described in Islam and law of evidence. This law provides a complete process and procedure of evidence. According to nature of different issues, different kinds of evidence are obtainable. Few of them are deliberated here.
Universal evidence is kind of law of evidence. In Universal evidence, many persons give evidence against an event or substance or issue. It rests on the declarations and witnesses of many persons. The elementary logic or philosophy behind this kind of evidence reproduces that if many persons replicate similar report, then it is problematic to reflect their words as untruthful. For instance, spoken statements of some individuals in perseverance about occurrence of theft are measured passable evidence and the comparable is universal evidence. Documentary Evidence is another kind of law of evidence. In textual evidence, when indication is fashioned before the court and same indication is offered in written or employed procedure. This kind of indication rest on on papers. For example, manufacture of recorded Tamleeknama in the court of law is kind of textual indication.
When some persuaded evidence is not available in some seeming procedure about some material or incidence of an event, then indication is invented from the circumstances about the material or appearance of the fashionable, and such is called incidental indication. It will be kept in mind that Islam always wish to render justice as Islam Forerunner of Peace and Brotherhood . Actually, such kind of evidence is called indirect evidence. For instance, if burglar ignored his ring during theft, then it will be initiated from the surroundings whether this ring is stuff of steal or not. If a doubtful confesses or distinguishes that he/she has done some offence, then such concession of credit is indication against the doubtful. Though, the court can convey the doubtful the he is not intended to make such agreement can be fashioned against him/her. In adding to this conveyance, the court has to reproduce the subsequent circumstances before proclaiming its conclusion on the basis of such admission or greeting. In evidence, it is significant that admission must be formed free from any power or danger. Furthermore, salutation must not be in contradiction to the evidences of the event.
If some witness says that he has not any link with information and knowledge about the incident and has not observe the existence of an incident but has come across it through others distributing knowledge or news about the happening of event, then such type of evidence is termed as hear-say evidence. Some experiences and situations of a competent observer are declared in laws of Islam. An onlooker must be Muslim and man. He should be complete mind and own reliable charm. He must be devout and adult. According to Muslim jurists, he should be fleshly appropriate and proficient to record evidence. He must hold decency and ethical honesty. Islamic legal instructions have also stated the estates on which an observer can be ineligible. An individual who is foolish, idiot and outrageous, is not proficient of being observer.