Humans are profoundly social. Woven through the tapestry of our relationships are several major threads. One of these is power . The only question is, do we use it for good or ill?

The abuse of power can be called many things, including intimidation, fraud, discrimination, and tyranny. I’ll use a down-to-earth term: bullying .

Bullies are, unfortunately, common. Throughout history and right now today, from homes and schoolyards to the halls of power, they create a vast amount of human suffering . What can we do?

The Practice:

In this short space, I’ll offer some summary suggestions. You can help them be concrete by applying them to bullies you’ve experienced or observed.

Recognize Bullies

Bullies are:

  • Dominating– Have to be the “alpha”; look for targets who seem weaker; no compassion
  • Defensive– Never wrong; scorn others; avoid responsibility
  • Deceptive– Manipulate grievances to gain support; cheat; hide the truth since their power is based on lies

Beware of innocence or naivete that just can’t believe another person or group would act that way. As Maya Angelou put it: “When someone shows you who they are, believe them the first time.”

Recognize Enablers

People and organizations can sometimes tolerate or even value bullies, such as cheering on a bully who is hurting someone they look down on. This enabling takes different forms, including pretending that all is normal or claiming falsely that “both sides do it.” From playgrounds to parliaments, people with an authoritarian personality style have an affinity for bullying leaders and form the core of their supporters.

Protect Yourself

Sometimes you are stuck with a bully, at least for a while. Be careful. Weigh your options and do what’s best for you.

Have Compassion

Deep down, the mind of a bully is like a hell realm of fended-off feelings of weakness and shame, always threatening to invade. Lots of suffering there. Compassion for a bully is not approval. It can be calming and strengthening for you .

And, of course, the targets of bullies deserve our care. Even if you can do nothing to help them, your compassion is still authentic; it matters to you , and it may matter to others in ways you’ll never know.

Name It

Tell the truth to yourself. Tell it to others.

And, if appropriate, tell the truth to bullies and their enablers. This could be a version of that truth: “You are a bully. You cheated and lied to get your power. You act tough, but you’re actually weak and frightened. You might be able to harm me and others, but I am not afraid of you. I see what you are.”

Bullies may acquire institutional authority but never moral legitimacy. They know their power is on thin ice. Name the lying, the cheating, the weakness. Name the fakery, and name the illegitimacy.

Stand with Others

Bullies target lone individuals and vulnerable groups to display dominance and create fear. This is sometimes called “performative cruelty.” So gather allies who will stand with you if you’re being bullied. Also, ask others to stand up to bullies; sitting on the sidelines just perpetuates bullying.

And together, stand with and for those others who are bullied. It may make no material difference. But it always makes a moral and psychological difference to those who stand up – and to those they stand for.

Punish Bullying

I mean “punish” in the sense of justice, not vengeance. The act of bullying itself is rewarding to a bully, even if there’s no concrete benefit. It’s like pulling a pleasurable lever on a slot machine that sometimes delivers a jackpot: if you’re a bully, why not keep pulling?

So there must be a real cost – and in terms, what the bully cares about. Hand-wringing and expressions of concern are irrelevant to a bully. Enablers also need to pay a price. Otherwise, why would they stop?

Since bullying is common, people have developed a variety of ways to punish it. Depending on the situation, you could:

  • With moral confidence, name the bullying for what it is
  • Dispute false claims of legitimacy
  • Laugh at bullies (who are usually thin-skinned)
  • Confront lies, including denial of harm they’re doing
  • Build up sources of power to challenge the bully
  • Confront enablers; they’re complicit in bullying
  • Engage the legal system
  • Remove bullies from positions of power

See the Big Picture

Bullying is enabled and fostered by underlying conditions. For example, bullies draw power from the grievances of others, address those grievances, and reduce the bully’s power.

Bullies try to dominate our attention much like they try to dominate everything else. But there is a larger world beyond their control. It contains so many things that are working, enjoyable, beautiful, and virtuous. Disengage as much as possible from ruminating on helpless outrage, fantasies of payback, and fault-finding others “who aren’t doing enough.” Bad enough that the bully is out there in the world. Try not to let the bully invade your own mind.

Author's Bio: 

Rick Hanson, Ph.D., is a psychologist, Senior Fellow at UC Berkeley’s Greater Good Science Center , and  New York Times best-selling author. His six books have been published in 31 languages and include Neurodharma ,  Resilient , Hardwiring Happiness , Just One Thing ,  Buddha’s Brain , and  Mother Nurture -  with over a million copies in English alone. His free newsletters have 250,000 subscribers, and his online programs have scholarships available for those with financial needs. He’s lectured at NASA, Google, Oxford, and Harvard and taught in meditation centers worldwide. An expert on positive neuroplasticity, his work has been featured on CBS, NPR, the BBC, and other major media. He began meditating in 1974 and is the founder of the Wellspring Institute for Neuroscience and Contemplative Wisdom . He and his wife live in northern California and have two adult children. He loves wilderness and taking a break from emails.